{"id":150451,"date":"2023-10-09T08:00:46","date_gmt":"2023-10-09T12:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/?p=150451"},"modified":"2024-08-30T00:48:35","modified_gmt":"2024-08-30T04:48:35","slug":"food-labels-explained","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2023\/10\/food-labels-explained\/","title":{"rendered":"What\u2019s in a Name? Food Labels, Explained"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do you know what \u201ccage-free\u201d means? How about \u201cfree range\u201d? \u201cPasture-raised\u201d?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some of the terms used on food labels are official certifications, enforced by the USDA or a nonprofit entity, and the presence of the certification means that the farming operation has been verified in some way for compliance. Other common terms or phrases refer to qualities that are not regulated at all. This means that companies can use these phrases on their packaging whether they conform to a consumer\u2019s understanding of what that label means or not. To make things even more complicated, many certifications require a lot of labor, effort and expense on the producer\u2019s behalf, meaning that small farms can be at a disadvantage when it comes to garnering these certifications, even if they meet the requirements.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a consumer, it can help to understand what you are looking at and what it means. Below is a list of definitions for common phrases on food labels. But there are many more beyond the ones we have listed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To help you evaluate their meaning, ask yourself these questions: If it\u2019s a certification, who is the governing body and how do they verify compliance? If it\u2019s not a certification, does the company clarify what it means by the term? Can I find additional information about the product separate from the words used on the label?<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Certified and\/or regulated<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>USDA Organic:<\/strong> You can find this certification on meats, dairy products and produce. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usda.gov\/media\/blog\/2014\/02\/26\/organic-101-ensuring-organic-integrity-through-inspections#:~:text=The%20certifier%20reviews%20applications%20to,must%20be%20inspected%20each%20year.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This certification<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> prohibits the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are also not considered organic. For meats with this label, synthetic growth hormones are not permitted, and the animals must have been fed a diet that is 100 percent organically grown. This certification requires inspection to verify that standards are being met. After certification has been granted, the operation must be inspected annually to maintain compliance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Cage Free:<\/strong> This term refers to poultry that live indoors without cages and have access to food and water. The USDA does not define how big this indoor space must be. Verification of these parameters <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ams.usda.gov\/services\/organic-certification\/organic-basics\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">varies widely<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, according to the USDA. The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ams.usda.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/AMSFactSheetCageFreeVerification.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quality Assessment Division<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the USDA will verify a cage-free operation during paid grade and certification services.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_150459\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-150459\" style=\"width: 548px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-150459 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-19-548x346.jpg\" alt=\"Egg carton label.\" width=\"548\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-19-548x346.jpg 548w, https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-19-768x485.jpg 768w, https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-19.jpg 792w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-150459\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Common text to see on an egg carton label. (Photography by Lena Beck)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Free Range:<\/strong> This means that the animal spends part of its time outside, uncaged. However, there is no regulation of the amount of time that the animal may actually spend outside, nor how big the outdoor space is. The outdoor space can be fenced or netted in. Farms must provide proof to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ask.usda.gov\/s\/article\/When-can-a-turkey-be-called-Free-Range-or-Free-Roaming#:~:text=Producers%20must%20demonstrate%20to%20the,%22%20or%20%22Free%20Roaming.%22\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of free-range conditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Naturally Grown:<\/strong> This certification is an alternative to the \u201cUSDA Organic\u201d label. The process to be certified \u201cUSDA Organic\u201d can be cumbersome for farmers, so the \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturallygrown.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certified Naturally Grown<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d label uses the same requirements but is verified by a team of CNG farmers, not the USDA. Be aware\u2014this is different than when the word \u201cnatural\u201d or \u201call-natural\u201d appears alone on a label. See the list of items not backed by certification or regulation for more information.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Fair Trade:<\/strong> The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fairtradecertified.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fair Trade USA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> certification was developed to help ensure fair working conditions for farmers and growers on some commonly imported products such as chocolate, tea, coffee, honey, bananas and more. Fair Trade USA checks for things such as fair wages, safe working conditions, lack of child labor and ability to unionize. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, there have been multiple documented instances of companies achieving this certification <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jacobin.com\/2022\/01\/dairy-farmworkers-unions-safety-new-york-rwdsu-ufcw\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">without meeting labor standards<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_150458\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-150458\" style=\"width: 560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-150458 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-21-1-560x241.jpg\" alt=\"Fair Trade label. (Photography by Lena Beck)\" width=\"560\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-21-1-560x241.jpg 560w, https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-21-1-768x331.jpg 768w, https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-21-1.jpg 1160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-150458\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example of a fair exchange label. (Photography by Lena Beck)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Animal Welfare Approved:<\/strong> This certification is not administered by a governmental body but by the nonprofit <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/agreenerworld.org\/certifications\/animal-welfare-approved\/standards\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Greener World<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Farms that receive this certification raise their animals in pasture or on range and allow the animals to behave and move in a way that supports their well-being.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Certified Regenerative:<\/strong> A Greener World also provides a certification regarding regenerative practices\u2014farming intended to be better for the environment. But it is also worth noting that this is not the only certification program evaluating regenerative standards, and there is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2023\/08\/regenerative-food-certification\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">some debate<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the industry about what exactly being certified \u201cregenerative\u201d should mean.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>American Humane Certified:<\/strong> This certification is granted by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanhumane.org\/humane-heartland\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Humane<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to practitioners of animal agriculture. It claims to use a scientifically informed set of criteria to evaluate whether animals are being raised in suitable and healthy living conditions\u2014everything from enough space to access to shade. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">animal welfare advocates have called the<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> certification an example of humane washing because it still allows for practices such as caged confinement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_150453\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-150453\" style=\"width: 496px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-150453 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-5-496x346.jpg\" alt=\"Egg label.\" width=\"496\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-5-496x346.jpg 496w, https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-5.jpg 717w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 496px) 100vw, 496px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-150453\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">This Certified Humane label is granted by Humane Farm Animal Care, and is given to products that meet specific animal welfare standards. (Photography by Lena Beck)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Grassfed:<\/strong> For grazing animals such as cows, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ams.usda.gov\/services\/organic-certification\/organic-basics\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">USDA defines \u201cgrassfed\u201d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as animals that have access to grass or other pasture forage during the growing season and derive the majority of their nutrients from this source. It does not set parameters for pesticides, growth hormones or antibiotics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Non-GMO Project Certified:<\/strong> This certification is run by nonprofit organization <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nongmoproject.org\/apply-for-verification\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the Non-GMO Project<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. It is granted to products that do not use genetic engineering.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_150455\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-150455\" style=\"width: 507px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-150455 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-20-507x346.jpg\" alt=\"Organic and Non-GMO labels.\" width=\"507\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-20-507x346.jpg 507w, https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ff-20.jpg 732w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 507px) 100vw, 507px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-150455\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The USDA Organic label and the Non-GMO Project label. (Photography by Lena Beck)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Pasture-raised:<\/strong> This does not require third-party verification, so it\u2019s hard to know what it means to the producer. It is best if you can find additional information to verify that the animal does indeed spend a significant amount of time in the pasture. If you\u2019re looking at meat from a ruminant animal, \u201ccertified grassfed\u201d will mean more than \u201cpasture-raised.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Raised Without Hormones:<\/strong> This term is mostly for cattle, which are sometimes supplemented with growth hormones such as rBGH to make them grow bigger and faster. Operations must <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fsis.usda.gov\/food-safety\/safe-food-handling-and-preparation\/food-safety-basics\/meat-and-poultry-labeling-terms#:~:text=Hormones%20are%20not%20allowed%20in,prohibit%20the%20use%20of%20hormones.%22\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">submit documentation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the USDA to show that they do not use hormones. The USDA does not allow hormones to be used for poultry or pork, so don\u2019t associate this with a mark of quality on these items.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Raised Without Antibiotics\/No Antibiotics:<\/strong> This term is used in animal agriculture to denote that the animal has not been raised with antibiotics, something that can help animals to grow bigger and faster. However, earlier in 2023, the USDA announced that it will <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usda.gov\/media\/press-releases\/2023\/06\/14\/usda-launches-effort-strengthen-substantiation-animal-raising\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">begin an evaluation process<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to determine if more intensive verification is necessary.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Not backed by certification and\/or regulation<br \/>\n<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>All-natural:<\/strong> The term \u201cnatural\u201d on egg, poultry and meat products means that they are \u201cminimally processed and contain no artificial ingredients,\u201d <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ams.usda.gov\/services\/organic-certification\/organic-basics\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">per the USDA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. However, many other items carry this term that do not fall under the USDA category of meat, poultry or eggs. There is no standard definition of \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2019\/04\/reminder-the-word-natural-means-absolutely-nothing-on-food-labels\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">all-natural<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d Look for further explanation on the rest of the label or company website to find out what this means to the company. Seeing this phrase on a food label does not inherently convey meaning or guarantee anything.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Eco-friendly\/Climate Positive:<\/strong> Many labels claim that their product is environmentally friendly, but these are not quantifiable terms. Look for additional information about how the product benefits the environment or sustainability in general.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Local:<\/strong> The USDA defines local as within the state of provenance or within 400 miles of its production point. But this is a widely interpreted term and different producers\/companies may have varying definitions of what this means.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i>This story is part of &#8216;Phonies, Fakes and Food Fraud&#8217;, a special Modern Farmer series. <a href=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2023\/10\/phonies-fakes-and-food-fraud\/\">See the full series here<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you know what \u201ccage-free\u201d means? How about \u201cfree range\u201d? \u201cPasture-raised\u201d?\u00a0 Some of the terms used on food labels are official certifications, enforced by the USDA or a nonprofit entity, and the presence of the certification means that the farming operation has been verified in some way for compliance. Other common terms or phrases refer [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1947,"featured_media":150462,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":[33275],"meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33293],"tags":[33307,33084],"article-theme":[],"class_list":["post-150451","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-consumption","tag-accountability","tag-food","format-explainer"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What\u2019s in a Name? Food Labels, Explained - Modern Farmer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Do you know what \u201ccage-free\u201d means? 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