{"id":146782,"date":"2022-06-13T09:29:05","date_gmt":"2022-06-13T13:29:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/?p=146782"},"modified":"2022-06-14T16:54:53","modified_gmt":"2022-06-14T20:54:53","slug":"dryland-farming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/","title":{"rendered":"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cream-colored squash and tepary beans ripen on vines and bushes whose roots grasp the heavy clay soil of Arizona\u2019s Tohono O\u2019odham reservation. Prickly pears, oregano and agave grow beneath a mesquite tree in the town of Patagonia, Arizona. And in a downtown Tucson garden, desert ironwood trees shade chuparosa shrubs and wolfberries.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

These are just a few of the food plants native to various regions of the Sonoran Desert. It\u2019s a notoriously hot (104\u00b0F in August) and dry (it gets <\/span>three to 20<\/span><\/a> inches of rain annually) hook of land that juts up from Northwestern Mexico into Arizona, making a pitstop in California before shooting down the Baja peninsula. Indigenous farmers have been coaxing food from this arid turf for thousands of years, \u201cworking with the environment, not changing the environment,\u201d says Sterling Johnson, farm manager and mentor at the <\/span>Ajo Center for Sustainable Agriculture<\/span><\/a> (CSA), where those squash and beans grow.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In 2020, the Sonoran Desert was clobbered by the effects of climate change. Temperatures hit 115\u00b0F a record 14 times and less than two inches of rain dropped during the normally more abundant monsoon. <\/span>Saguaro cacti<\/span><\/a> withered and <\/span>fruit and vegetable crops<\/span><\/a> faltered. On the Tohono O\u2019odham reservation, the squash vines had a lower germination rate than usual, but they did still produce. Patagonia\u2019s prickly pears and oregano fared just fine, according to University of Arizona ethnobotanist Gary Nabhan, who grew them in his garden. And according to Brad Lancaster, author of <\/span>Rainwater Harvesting for Drylands and Beyond<\/span><\/i><\/a>, who helped build the Tucson garden through a program called <\/span>Neighborhood Foresters<\/span><\/a>, perennials showed drought stress and went dormant, but when rains returned in the summer of 2021, 98 percent of them rebounded.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Saguaro cacti in bloom. Photo by Richard Trible, Shutterstock.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Increasingly, the Sonoran and other dry places are showing us what a heat-and-drought-riddled future has in store for more of our food systems. These examples suggest that deep knowledge of dryland farming practices could blunt the impacts, giving some farmers a workable path forward. Whether conventional agriculture is willing to learn anything at all from these systems, however, is the question.<\/span><\/p>\n

Centuries of dryland tradition<\/b><\/h3>\n

There are long traditions of farming in many dry places of the world. Humans have grown barley and millet in the Alpine desert of the <\/span>Tibetan Plateau<\/span><\/a>; yams, cowpeas and melons in the dry savannahs of West Africa; dates and chickpeas throughout Syria and Iraq; and <\/span>wine grapes<\/span><\/a> and tomatoes across the Mediterranean. As with Sonoran tepary beans and gourds and chiles, farmers\u2014including, notably, the Hopi tribe of Northern Arizona\u2014have grown these things without pumping groundwater with which to irrigate the crops. Instead, they\u2019ve relied on rainfall, snowmelt and other harvested and diverted leftovers from precipitation events.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

RELATED: When the Well Runs Dry, Try Dry Farming<\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n

Depending on who you ask, \u201cdryland farming\u201d might produce a confusion of definitions. To some corn growers on Colorado\u2019s high desert plateau, for example, it refers to any farming done in a dry place, even if it\u2019s irrigated with groundwater. To Nabhan and Lancaster, it means relying on precipitation that falls on planting fields and in the watershed that sits immediately above them. Watershed water reaches crops through rainwater harvesting and\/or ak-chin agriculture, an O\u2019odham word that refers to \u201clike what you do with stream flows in mountain areas, where you move it to ditches and let that flow onto fields,\u201d says Nabhan. \u201cWhere I live, you could grow corn just on the soil moisture that was held from winter snow and early summer rains, and most Hopi continue to do that up on the Arizona-Utah-New Mexico border.\u201d Maintaining as much precipitation as possible through these means, plus limiting evaporation and working with arid-adapted crops, are <\/span>critical parts of the equation<\/span><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Agaves use less water but produce more edible food and beverage, and sequester more carbon, than most temperate field and orchard crops, says Gary Nabhan. Photo by William Hager, Shutterstock.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Selecting the right crops for dryland farming is crucial. Nabhan\u2019s been experimenting with <\/span>native Sonoran food crops<\/span><\/a> for years, which have developed strategies to survive heat and drought. Indigenous farmers might plant annual seeds ahead of monsoon rains. As Johnson explains, the desert\u2019s heavy clay soil becomes too sticky and thick to dig into once it\u2019s wet. Short-cycle crops such as 60-day flower corn are harvested in about two months. \u201cBy that time, the summer rains have started to diminish and the soil moisture [on the surface of] these fields is depleted. But crops like watermelon root eight feet deep, so they can plumb deeper into water reserves below,\u201d says Nabhan.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Perennials such as mesquite and cacti are plants that grow in \u201cnon-soon\u201d years. In wet years, they provide overstory that shades annuals so they suffer less stress, cooling the ground around them by as much as 20 degrees. Nabhan says such perennial systems produce the same amount of food as an annual system over a 10-year period, using one-fifth of the water. That\u2019s because the soil can hold more moisture thanks to nitrogen from the tepary beans and compost in the form of leaves and twigs that flow over fields from irrigation ditches.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Lancaster applies similar methodology in his projects, using what he calls \u201crunoff farming\u201d that\u2019s informed by O\u2019odham and Zimbabwean practices. \u201cWe first plant the rain, by creating water harvesting basins that are lower than the street elevation,\u201d he says. \u201cWe then cut the street curb to direct gutter runoff into the basins, so the street becomes a free irrigation source.\u201d In go trees native to the lower Sonoran that bear food and shade; their deep roots also \u201cbring deep moisture up to the top layers of the soil,\u201d which buffers temperature extremes at the same time their shade minimizes evaporation. \u201cEven in drought years, we still receive more water than the normal rainfall,\u201d says Lancaster.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Unknown impacts<\/b><\/h3>\n

At Ajo CSA, Johnson passes on to farming apprentices some of the traditional O\u2019odham knowledge he learned from his elders, which he calls sacred \u201cremnants of our culture.\u201d Although he otherwise keeps this knowledge close to the vest, he mentions that he doesn\u2019t use overstory\/understory systems on the reservation. His gourds, which can grow to 40 pounds on 20-foot vines, need space to sprawl so they can access scant water, and tepary beans \u201cneed to have access to sun all the time,\u201d he says.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Johnson also teaches apprentices how to grow non-Indigenous crops such as broccoli. \u201cWith traditional farming, we know it works and it doesn’t require me to pump water from the ground,\u201d he says. \u201cBut we don’t know yet how much of an impact it will have [outside the reservation], because it doesn’t work for everyone. And it seems like a win if more people can start having food sovereignty by knowing how to grow their own food.\u201d He also points out that traditional dryland practices won\u2019t work if there hasn\u2019t been enough precipitation in a given year.<\/span><\/p>\n

RELATED: 10 Drought-Tolerant Crops to Plant Amid Water Scarcity<\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n

Lancaster thinks at least one of the tree-based practices he uses in Tucson is applicable beyond his gardens: water harvesting. \u201cOne of my main mentors started playing with how to build or retrofit a road so that it’s a benefit to the environment,\u201d he says. \u201cHow can you drain a road at multiple points \u2026 so, in a [livestock ranch] area where you have waist-high native grasses, the runoff from the road freely irrigates that pasture?\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This relatively simple fix, says Lancaster, that\u2019s used on a number of farms and ranches in Arizona, is nevertheless anathema in conventional agriculture, \u201cwhich doesn\u2019t look at any other water source; it only looks at the pipe.\u201d But as the Colorado River hits <\/span>crisis low levels<\/span><\/a> and irrigated <\/span>agriculture in California and elsewhere begins to run out of water<\/span><\/a>, Lancaster says it\u2019s critical that growers re-evaluate their relationships with water. <\/span>\u201cAll conventional farms should strive to keep every drop of rainfall on the farm, rather than draining it away,\u201d he says.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Indigenous practitioners around the world have farmed with only rainwater for millennia. But it\u2019s unclear whether conventional agriculture, which relies heavily on irrigation, will learn any of their lessons.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1827,"featured_media":146865,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":[],"meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33067],"tags":[33085,33224],"article-theme":[],"class_list":["post-146782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-farm","tag-ecosystem","tag-water"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCan Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought? - Modern Farmer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Indigenous practitioners around the world have farmed with only rainwater for millennia. But it\u2019s unclear whether conventional agriculture, which relies heavily on irrigation, will learn any of their lessons.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought? - Modern Farmer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Indigenous practitioners around the world have farmed with only rainwater for millennia. But it\u2019s unclear whether conventional agriculture, which relies heavily on irrigation, will learn any of their lessons.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Modern Farmer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ModernFarmerMedia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-06-13T13:29:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-06-14T20:54:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Lela Nargi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ModFarm\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ModFarm\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Lela Nargi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Lela Nargi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/person\/bee9d900f11e407f90aa86ad89b7b56d\"},\"headline\":\"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought?\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-13T13:29:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-06-14T20:54:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/\"},\"wordCount\":1376,\"commentCount\":7,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg\",\"keywords\":[\"Ecosystem\",\"Water\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Farm\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/\",\"name\":\"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought? - Modern Farmer\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-13T13:29:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-06-14T20:54:53+00:00\",\"description\":\"Indigenous practitioners around the world have farmed with only rainwater for millennia. But it\u2019s unclear whether conventional agriculture, which relies heavily on irrigation, will learn any of their lessons.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg\",\"width\":1280,\"height\":960},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Farm\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/category\/farm\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/\",\"name\":\"Modern Farmer\",\"description\":\"Farm. Food. Life.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Modern Farmer\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/logo-color-black.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/logo-color-black.svg\",\"width\":1,\"height\":1,\"caption\":\"Modern Farmer\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ModernFarmerMedia\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/ModFarm\",\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/modfarm\/\",\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/modfarm\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/person\/bee9d900f11e407f90aa86ad89b7b56d\",\"name\":\"Lela Nargi\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/538cecdccd7eaac5e5269a63e6eb19f9?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/538cecdccd7eaac5e5269a63e6eb19f9?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Lela Nargi\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/author\/lelanargi\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought? - Modern Farmer","description":"Indigenous practitioners around the world have farmed with only rainwater for millennia. But it\u2019s unclear whether conventional agriculture, which relies heavily on irrigation, will learn any of their lessons.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought? - Modern Farmer","og_description":"Indigenous practitioners around the world have farmed with only rainwater for millennia. But it\u2019s unclear whether conventional agriculture, which relies heavily on irrigation, will learn any of their lessons.","og_url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/","og_site_name":"Modern Farmer","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ModernFarmerMedia","article_published_time":"2022-06-13T13:29:05+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-06-14T20:54:53+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2048,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Lela Nargi","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@ModFarm","twitter_site":"@ModFarm","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Lela Nargi","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/"},"author":{"name":"Lela Nargi","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/person\/bee9d900f11e407f90aa86ad89b7b56d"},"headline":"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought?","datePublished":"2022-06-13T13:29:05+00:00","dateModified":"2022-06-14T20:54:53+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/"},"wordCount":1376,"commentCount":7,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg","keywords":["Ecosystem","Water"],"articleSection":["Farm"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/","url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/","name":"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought? - Modern Farmer","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg","datePublished":"2022-06-13T13:29:05+00:00","dateModified":"2022-06-14T20:54:53+00:00","description":"Indigenous practitioners around the world have farmed with only rainwater for millennia. But it\u2019s unclear whether conventional agriculture, which relies heavily on irrigation, will learn any of their lessons.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hopicorn.jpeg","width":1280,"height":960},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/2022\/06\/dryland-farming\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Farm","item":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/category\/farm\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Can Dryland Farming Help Growers Endure Increasing Heatwaves and Drought?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/","name":"Modern Farmer","description":"Farm. Food. Life.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#organization","name":"Modern Farmer","url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/logo-color-black.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/logo-color-black.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"Modern Farmer"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ModernFarmerMedia","https:\/\/x.com\/ModFarm","https:\/\/instagram.com\/modfarm\/","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/modfarm\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/person\/bee9d900f11e407f90aa86ad89b7b56d","name":"Lela Nargi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/538cecdccd7eaac5e5269a63e6eb19f9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/538cecdccd7eaac5e5269a63e6eb19f9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Lela Nargi"},"url":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/author\/lelanargi\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1827"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=146782"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/146782\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/146865"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=146782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=146782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=146782"},{"taxonomy":"format","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/format?post=146782"},{"taxonomy":"article-theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernfarmer.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article-theme?post=146782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}